George Essay Example For Students

George Essay George Washington George Washington is most popular as the Father of our Country. He caredfor this nation much like a parent would think about a youngster. During hispresidency, he tackled numerous important issues. His accomplishments prompted ademocratic, magnificent nation we like to call The United States of America. Despite the fact that hes not thought of as charming, George Washington is lookeduponwith the most extreme regard and wonder by all nations of the world. GeorgeWashington was conceived in Westmoreland County, Virginia on February 22, 2. Virginia was frightened when a French campaign from Canada establishedpostson the headwaters of the Ohio River. Struggle over this region eventuallyeruptedinto the French and Indian War, where Washington played a significant militaryrole that built up his notoriety for being an officer. In the fall of 1758 theFrench were vanquished. In 1759 he wedded Martha Dandridge Custis, awealthyyoung widow. Washington developed into a strong individual from Virginia society. From 1759 to 1774 he served in the House of Burgesses. By 1774Washingtonhad become a key supporter of the frontier cause. That equivalent year he waselected to the First Continental Congress. In 1775 the Second ContinentalCongress chose Washington president of its military. In JulyWashington showed up in Massachusetts, where the fights at Lexington andConcord had been battled. The British pulled back the majority of their soldiers towinterin New York City, leaving dissipated armies of German hired fighters in NewJersey. On December 25 Washington drove his little armed force across theice-cloggedDelaware, effectively assaulted an army at Trenton, and re-crossed theDelaware without obstruction. In January 1777 close to Princeton, he defeatedthree British regiments walking to strengthen General Charles Cornwallis. TheBritish in the long run gave up. After the triumph, Washington dismissed a plan,which had support in the military, of setting up a government with himself inquiring. branches ought to have a huge hole between them. He additionally accepted that thepresident ought not impact Congress in the death of laws. Nonetheless, ifhedoes not concur with a specific bill, he has the intensity of vetoing it. He viewedtheresponsibilities of the president to a great extent as directing the laws of Congressand administering relations with different nations. Washington had set animportantprecedent when he accomplished the ability to name and excuse his owndepartment heads. Without this model, Congress could sneak behind thePresidents authority and permit undesirable division heads to remain in officeagainst the Presidents wishes. Washington was overjoyed about shaping hiscabinet, and he and his counselors acted with extraordinary vitality. Washingtonwas well prepared for crafted by building a structure of organization. Hehad an ability for combining his arrangements and activities to get satisfactory outcomes. In the first place, he obtained the important realities, which he weighed cautiously. Once hehad arrived at a choice, he did it with imperativeness and tirelessness. He wasnever lethargic in settling on choices for his nation. He generally acted instantly anddecisively. Careful, deliberate, precise, and, being mindful to detail alsodescribed his character. He anticipated a similar eagerness from each oneinhis organization. On September 24, 1789, Washington passed The JudiciaryAct, which set up a government court framework. Its fundamental highlights were given forby the Constitution. Since the president is viewed as the central authority offederal laws, it is his obligation to indict cases under the steady gaze of the government courts. In thiswork his operator is the lawyer general. The Judiciary Act of 1789 arranged sowell, that the vast majority of its fundamental highlights have made due until today. Washingtonbelieved firmly in the established interest that the official, legisla tive,andjudicial parts of the administration ought to be kept as isolated as could reasonably be expected. .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 , .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 .postImageUrl , .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 , .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407:hover , .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407:visited , .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407:active { border:0!important; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407:active , .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407:hover { haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f 858c4407 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u9d36806b647e7e1e0efbc48f858c4407:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Spirit Of Yeats EssayWashington didn't utilize his charm or office to impact administrative discussions. He felt that the President ought make an effort not to control the sorts of laws thatCongress passed. Notwithstanding, he accepted that in the event that he disliked a bill, hehadthe option to veto it. Washington accepted that the presidents obligations were toadminister the laws of Congress and direct relations with different nations. George Washington was the principal genuine pioneer of the recently brought into the world United Statesof America. He helped shape this nation to its Democratic flawlessness today. During his twofold named administration, he ran the nation with balance anddignity. It is no big surprise that Henry Lee articulated that well known commemoration: first in war, firstin harmony, and first in the hearts of his kinsmen.

Free Essays on E.A. Poe’s Insights On Insanity And The Workings Of The Human Psyche

There is one string that all would concur ties a large number of Poe’s cooperates . . . Murder and the craziness related with it. Where the activities of the human psyche are concerned, Poe puts to paper what many can't envision. This is particularly clear in his short stories, for example, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Black Cat† in which the normal subjects are murder, craziness, and obscurity. We as a whole miracle what goes on in the brain of an individual driven so far over the verge of human mental soundness that they would really kill someone else. We wonder what could drive one individual to need to execute another. In contemplating the issues above, we regularly put ourselves aside in imagining that just the clearly and criminally crazy can do such a deed and no apparently typical individual could ever carry out such a grievous demonstration, particularly not anybody precious to us, however consider the possibility that it were to occur. Imagine a scenario where somebody near us were to wish us hurt and become exasperated enough to do that desire. In compelling us to pose these inquiries, Poe additionally centers around the functions of the human mind and all the more explicitly on the capacity of an apparently ordinary individual near the very edge of mental stability to submit crazy demonstrations of bleak fierceness. Moreover, consider the possibility that the individual carrying out the wrongdoing were you. Okay promptly perceive your craziness or attempt to accuse the person in question and attempt to persuade others that you were advocated in ending the life of another individual? It is t his very line of reasoning that Poe constrains one to dissect in his short stories loaded up with murder, madness, and haziness. A typical subject in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Black Cat† is the storyteller being an apparently ordinary and impeccably rational individual to all others when in reality the case was definitely not. From the beginning of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† the storyteller endeavors to persuade the perusers that he is rational, â€Å"TRUE!- apprehensive extremely, awfully anxious I had b... Free Essays on E.A. Poe’s Insights On Insanity And The Workings Of The Human Psyche Free Essays on E.A. Poe’s Insights On Insanity And The Workings Of The Human Psyche There is one string that all would concur ties a large number of Poe’s cooperates . . . Murder and the madness related with it. Where the operations of the human brain are concerned, Poe puts to paper what many can't envision. This is particularly clear in his short stories, for example, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Black Cat† in which the basic subjects are murder, madness, and dimness. We as a whole marvel what goes on in the psyche of an individual driven so far over the edge of human mental soundness that they would really kill someone else. We wonder what could drive one person to need to murder another. In contemplating the issues above, we regularly put ourselves aside in imagining that just the clearly and criminally crazy can do such a deed and no apparently ordinary individual could ever carry out such an egregious demonstration, particularly not anybody precious to us, yet consider the possibility that it were to occur. Imagine a scenario where somebody near us were to wish us hurt and become exasperated enough to do that desire. In compelling us to pose these inquiries, Poe additionally centers around the operations of the human mind and all the more explicitly on the capacity of an apparently typical individual near the precarious edge of mental stability to submit crazy demonstrations of dismal ruthlessness. Besides, imagine a scenario where the individual carrying out the wrongdoing were you. Okay promptly perceive your craziness or attempt to accuse the person in question and attempt to persuade others that you were advocated in ending the life of another individual? It is this very line of reasoning that Poe drives one to break down in his short stories loaded up with murder, craziness, and murkiness. A typical topic in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Black Cat† is the storyteller being an apparently ordinary and impeccably rational individual to all others when in reality the case was definitely not. From the beginning of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† the storyteller endeavors to persuade the perusers that he is rational, â€Å"TRUE!- apprehensive incredibly, appallingly anxious I had b...

How Antisocial Personalities Can Lead to Alcoholism

How Antisocial Personalities Can Lead to Alcoholism Addiction Alcohol Use Print How Low Emotional Response Can Signal Later Alcohol Problems By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 10, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 07, 2018 More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery How alcoholics respond emotionally to both unpleasant and pleasant events may explain how some of them became alcoholics in the first place. Research has revealed that if someone with a severe alcohol use disorder displays low emotional responsiveness to even events that cause physical and mental stress it may reflect a dysfunction in regions of the brain that govern how they related to their environment and make adaptive decisions. If those brain regions are not functioning properly in childhood, children will be at high risk for developing conduct disorder, and later developing antisocial personality disorder, and eventually substance abuse disorders including alcoholism. The same brain dysfunction that causes low emotional responsiveness also leads to maladaptive, disinhibited behavior which can facilitate the development of alcoholism and other problems. Symptoms of Antisocial Personality Disorder People with antisocial personality disorder may: Be able to act witty and charmingBe good at flattery and manipulating other peoples emotionsBreak the law repeatedlyDisregard the safety of self and othersHave problems with substance abuseLie, steal and fight oftenNot show guilt or remorseOften be angry or arrogant Diminished Reactions to Lifes Signals Despite their often subtle nature, emotional reactions hold a central position in determining how the brain regulates behavior, said Robert Miranda, Jr., a National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism postdoctoral fellow at Brown University and first author of the study. Through integration with cognitive processes, emotional reactions play an important role in learning and memory, evaluating variable environmental contingencies, and motivating adaptive behavior. There is considerable variability among individuals in terms of how emotionally reactive we are to different types of situations and events. These differences may indicate vulnerability to certain psychiatric conditions, such as mood and anxiety disorders and addictions, he said. In the case of antisocial behavior and addictions, there may be diminished reactions to cues that signal aversive events, including punishment. Vulnerable to Criminal, Drug Problems Individuals who do not experience the appropriate amount of anxiety or negative emotion when threatened are unlikely to alter their behavior in response to the threat, said Peter R. Finn, professor of psychology at Indiana University, Bloomington. Psychopaths, for example, are a subset of people with antisocial personality disorder who show hyporesponsiveness to aversive stimuli. This study looks at reduced or hypo reactivity to aversive stimuli as evidence for poor inhibition, which may result in increased vulnerability to a wide range of problems, including criminal, alcohol and/or drug problems. In other words, this hyporesponsivity may be manifesting itself in the antisocial behavior as well as the excessive use of alcohol. Eye-Blink Startle Response Measured The NIAAA researchers compared three groups: 24 were alcohol dependent; 17 were alcohol dependent and had an antisocial personality disorder, and 21 controls were neither alcohol dependent nor had antisocial personality disorder. All 62 participants completed self-report questionnaires, clinical interviews, and had their eye-blink startle response measured while viewing photographs rated as pleasant, neutral and unpleasant. Blunted Emotional Responses We found that persons with co-existing alcoholism and antisocial personality disorder are different from alcoholics without antisocial personality disorder and non-antisocial personality disorder, non-alcoholic controls in their responsiveness to emotional cues, said Miranda. The control and non-antisocial personality disorder alcohol-dependent groups showed the normal linear increase in the eyeblink component of the startle reflex from pleasant to neutral to unpleasant stimuli. In contrast, alcoholics with antisocial personality disorder did not show the typical increase of startle in response to the unpleasant stimuli or the decrease in response to pleasant stimuli, he said. In short, their emotional responses appeared to be blunted. Importantly, all three groups rated the photographs similarly, ruling out the likelihood that response differences were due to altered subjective experiences of the photographs. Alcoholics Tend to Get Into Trouble Finn said these findings have both immediate and future applications. Alcoholics tend to get into trouble a lot, he said. Yet these individuals simply may not be as affected by the prospects of negative outcomes, and may, in fact, have problems inhibiting their behavior to avoid such outcomes. So, how are you going to provide treatment to antisocial alcoholics? Future studies, he added, need to focus on children who show evidence of behavioral problems but have yet to develop alcohol problems. We also need to understand what impact their environments may have on their emotional responsiveness, he said. Miranda agrees. Conduct disorder (CD), the childhood predecessor to antisocial personality disorder, is the most robust psychiatric risk factor for adolescent alcohol and drug use, he said. Numerous studies point to a consistent relationship between conduct problems in early and middle childhood and later drug use; those who show more conduct problems have higher levels of drug use and higher rates of drug-related problems.

Teenage Depression and Suicide - 1246 Words

â€Å"A dark brooding cloud was slowly casting a shadow across my mind.† â€Å"I felt weighed down, oppressed by the burden of having to face a new day.† â€Å"A crushing sense of hopelessness that was unlike anything I had ever experienced before† â€Å"It was as if something else had seized control of my mind.† â€Å"The darkness was spreading inside me like a cancer.† — These descriptions are how Cait Irwin, who suffered from depression as a teenager, described it. Teenage depression is a common but serious illness that can ultimately send some on a downward spiral towards suicide that can be averted if recognized and given the proper treatment. Countless teenagers experience some type of depression in their lifetime, but what exactly is depression and just†¦show more content†¦Two main types of psychotherapies—cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT)—are effective in treating depression. Th e goal of CBT is to change habitual patterns of thinking and acting that may be contributing to a person’s problems. In IPT, a person learns to help identify the problem that triggered a bout of depression, then learns the necessary social and communication skills to resolve that problem successfully. While both medication and psychotherapy are proved to help depression, a combination of the two appears to be the best method. In a recent study of 439 depressed adolescents, 71% improved by the combination treatment of medication and psychotherapy, better than the 61% who responded to medication alone and 43% for psychotherapy alone. (Irwin, Evans, and Wasmer 80). Somehow or other, treatment for depression seems to work at least partly by correcting imbalances in brain chemicals. However, many people with a depressive disorder never seek treatment even though the majority, even those with the most severe depression, can get better with treatment (â€Å"National Institute of Me ntal Health†). According to the NDSUH, only 34.7% of teens who had major depression this past year received treatment. This means nearly 2/3 of the teens who had major depression did not receive any treatment (â€Å"Major Depressive Episode and Treatment Among Adolescents: 2009†). It is crucial that teens suffering from depression receive treatment before theyShow MoreRelatedTeenage Depression - Teen Suicide1399 Words   |  6 Pages Teen Suicide Over the past few years’ teenage depression has drastically increased due to multiple factors such as peer pressure and bullying. According to Linda Lamb’s article Young People Can Suffer From Depression, Too,† The suicide rate among teenagers [today] is about 10 per 100,000†. A handout from the Health and Human Services Department and National Institute of Mental Health stated,† in the last 25 years, the rate of suicide among teenagers and young adults has increased dramatically.†Read MoreTeenage Depression and Suicide Essays1790 Words   |  8 Pagesof how Cait Irwin, who suffered from depression as a teenager, described it. They show how awful and frightening depression during the teenage years can be. Depression and suicide are closely linked. â€Å"In fact, about two-thirds of all people who die by suicide have some type of depressive disorder† (Irwin 47). Teenage depression is a common but serious illness that can ultimately send s ome teenagers on a downward spiral towards suicide, but depression and suicide both can be averted if the symptomsRead MoreTeen Depression : The Problem Of Teenage Depression, And Teen Suicide721 Words   |  3 PagesTeen depression is a definite topic most people are unaware of and depression is a worldwide issue and is the leading disability. Depression can lead to many things, from anxiety to thoughts of suicide. Things like social media is a big cause of depression. Everyone has those days where they are feeling sad or maybe even just having a bad day. Sometimes, it goes even more downhill. When it turns into something major, it becomes a real problem. Some people ignore the issue, brushing it off as a â€Å"phaseRead MoreTeenage Suicide1064 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage Suicide Suicide is intentional self-inflicted acts that end in death(Suicide, Comptons). After a series of traumatic events, normal coping abilities can be pushed over the edge; the result may be suicide. In each year, an average of 30,000 suicide deaths occur in the United States. It is estimated that 5,000 of those suicides are committed by teenagers(SA\VE, 2). One major reason that the suicide rate among teenagers is so high, is that the teenage years are a period of commotionRead MoreDepression Is The First Leading Cause Of Suicide1496 Words   |  6 PagesToday in America, depression is the first leading cause of suicide. Reported in recent statistics, every year, thousands of people succeed in taking their lives and even more have attempted suicide at some point (Hyde and Held 8). Although it is an afflicting concern today, depression dates back to centuries ago, but wasn t fully recognized as a clinical illness until the 1960 s. At this point, depression treatment was only available to adults because it was so unlikely for adolescents to experienceRead MoreTeenage Depression And Teen Depression792 Words   |  4 Pages Teen depression, which is also known as adolescent depression, is a growing problem in today’s society. Depression among teenagers is overlooked by many and is often mistaken for â€Å"normal† teenage behavior. This mental illness is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Depression is predominantly seen amongst young women who are transitioning into adulthood. Teenagers are at a point in their lives where they come face to face with the reality of peer pressure and a milestone in becomingRead MoreSuicide Among Teenagers1095 Words   |  5 Pages Suicide is the third-leading cause of death among 15 to 24-year-old (Green, Paragraph 1) Teenage suicide is the intentional act made by teenagers usually below the age of 19 to take their lives. Suicide is not thought of in a day. It is a series of processes that goes on in the mind before manifesting. Although, during these processes there are visible signs that shows a prospective suicidal person. There are factor s that trigger and cause the act of suicide in a teenager. Most of these factorsRead MoreTeenage Suicide : A Devastating Event1509 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage Suicide When I was undergoing my journey through high school, there was a devastating event that affected the entire school from that point on; one of my fellow classmates had committed suicide. It was heart breaking to hear what had happened to someone at such a young age. A teenage boy drove to a spot in North Carolina where his dad had committed suicide just a few years ago. In that same exact place where his dad committed suicide, he decided to take his own life. According to WorldRead MoreRisk Factors of Teenage Suicide1217 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage suicide is a major national public health concern facing America today. Thousands of teenagers commit suicide each year. Many experts believe that teenage suicide is often due to unpredictable circumstances and can be contributed to hormonal impulses. However, recent case findings and statistics prove that this is not necessarily true. Although some teenage suicides may be the result of youthful and impulsive actions, certain risk factors, signs, and symptoms can contribute to self-inflictedRead More Teenage Suicide Essay1404 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage Suicide Each day 86 Americans take their own lives and another 1,500 attempts to do so. Even more disturbing is that suicide among a young people nation wide have increased dramatically in recent years. In fact thousands of teenagers each year commit suicide. It is the third leading cause of death among young adults aged 15-24. With the first two leading causes being unintentional injury and homicide. There are many reasons why teenagers feel the need to take their own life. They are at

Should The Death Penalty Be Legal - 985 Words

Ben Goble Mr. Newman English Comp. November 4, 2015 Should the Death Penalty be Legal? The death penalty, also called capital punishment, has been a topic of debate among the public for many years, gaining very little ground in changing the legality of it one way or the other. The topic is very controversial because many people feel that it is wrong to take the life of another person. On the other hand a very comparable number of people push for the legality of capital punishment for condemning convicted criminals that have committed a crime of a certain degree. For example murder, rape, kidnapping, human trafficking, and drug trafficking. Another reason behind the skepticism of capital punishment are the morals influencing the sentencing of the accused. As former President George W. Bush said, â€Å"I don’t think you should support the death penalty to seek revenge. I don’t think that’s right. I think the reason to support the death penalty is because it saves other people’s lives.† This quote is a good example of the morals needed in order for the death penalty to be an effective method of punishment and deterrent for future crimes. Capital punishment has been around since the years of the new testament in biblical history. The earliest known and regulated use of capital punishment was by King Hammurabi of Babylon. He used the death penalty as punishment for twenty-five different crimes and held trials to determine if the accused were guilty or not. In the seventh centuryShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal The death penalty should not be legal because of two major reasonings. These reasons are, the death penalty takes the lives of many innocent people, and it also costs too much. The death penalty should not be legal because innocent people are wrongly convicted and killed. According to the Death Penalty Information Center, it puts innocent lives at risk. At least 4.1% of all defendants sentenced to death in the United States in the modern era are innocent (DeathRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1457 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty can be traced all the way to biblical times when people were executed for many reasons such as: for not believing in their god(s), choosing to interact in sexual conduct while unmarried, stealing, murder, etc. The methods of execution back in those times were to either: stone, hang, slay, crucify, and burn not only the offender who committed the crime, but if he or she had a family, the entire family was executed with them as a warning to the people of their tribe or city to notRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1004 Words   |  5 Pagesabolish death penalty† (Bosman). In thirty-one states, federal government and military legal system, the death penalty is lawful. Even the Supreme Court has been changed direction of capital punishment. One day, it could be a legal and illegal by the Supreme Court. Most of European countries ban the death penalty except Belarus that if a criminal involve international terrorism, murdered, inhumane crime and the criminal receives death penalty. Nowadays, banned the death penalty becomeRead MoreDeath Penalty Should Be Legal943 Words   |  4 PagesDo you think that death penalty will give justice for the innocent lives? The death penalty continues to be an issue of controversy in the whole world because people have different beliefs for giving justice to the innocents. For some people, they want it legal because death penalty will give justice for the innocent victims and a form of vengeance to the criminals. On the flipside, other people don’t agree with it because a lot of innocents are putting into death. These people believe that it isRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1573 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many legal issues that come along with the death penalty. Ratified on December 15, 1791, The United States Bill of Rights states in its eight amendment, â€Å"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.† (8th Amendment to the Constitutio n). The Supreme Court stated during the 1958 case of Trop v. Dulles, that the 8th amendment must draw its meaning from the evolving standards of decency that mark the progress of a maturingRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1555 Words   |  7 Pageshave on a person? The death penalty, or capital punishment, is one of the most debated topics in America. It has been used for centuries, but many claim it to be barbaric, and want the practice to end all together. The death penalty should only be used in cases where there is absolute evidence that the criminal is guilty, because life in prison can be an alternative, there are many flaws in the justice system, and it can be a cruel and unusual punishment. The death penalty is legal in 32 states, theRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1554 Words   |  7 Pagesreceive the death penalty. Some say it is what they deserve, while others say that it is a â€Å"cruel and unusual†punishment. States, such as New Jersey, have already banned the penalty, but some states are still pending on whether to have the penalty or to follow New Jersey’s path . If you were to go and ask people why they are against the death penalty, they would say it is because it goes against morality, constitutionality, and the irrevocable mistakes of putting the wrong person to death. WhenRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1553 Words   |  7 Pagescalled problems with our system of justice is the death penalty. Capital punishment in this country seems to have its pros and cons. There are more issues and complications with being sentenced to death, while the positives are minuscule. The death penalty should not be allowed in the United States, and there are many reasons for this argument. The death penalty has caused controversy in the country since it became popular. 31 states use the death penalty and is also used by the military. Its use isRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal Essay2884 Words   |  12 Pagesis the death penalty - should it be legalized across the 50 states or be declared unconstitutional? Some believe the death penalty is a better option for those who deserve the highest form of punishment available. However, others argue capital punishment is a waste of resources and should be brought to an end. Therefore, while many believe the death penalty should be legalized throughout the United States because it offers a higher form of punishment, others believe the death penalty should be repealedRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Legal?1638 Words   |  7 PagesShould the death penalty be legal or be abolished? Laws and regulations vary from nation to nation. Attitudes towards the capitalism, as well, vary from person to person. The death penalty, it seems, has become more debatable topic than ever. Although some people think capital punishment, just like death penalty, is a inhuman act which against human s rights for life and it is too cruel to give the criminals another chance to live a new life. I suppose capital punishment is still an effective

Local Education Authority (LEA) Free Essays

Recommendation of Report It is recommended that the â€Å"Jolly Phonics† system is not purchased by the Local Education Authority because there is a plethora of similar, free resources available to teachers. Summary of Supporting Evidence Phonics work is an integral part of all primary teaching and development of a strong foundation in reading at the individual word level is vital if children are to perform well in more advance whole-text challenges (Ehri and Snowling, 2004). Phonemic awareness refers to the ability to manipulate phonemes, the basic units of sounds that make up a language. We will write a custom essay sample on Local Education Authority (LEA) or any similar topic only for you Order Now This awareness has repeatedly been shown to play an important part in developing basic reading and spelling abilities (Bird, Bishop and Freeman, 1995; Ehri et al., 2001; Goswami and Bryant, 1990; Torgesen, Wagner and Rashotte, 1994, Cardoso-Martins, Mesquita and Ehri, 2011) and it is right to be included in the curriculum. Jolly Phonics (http://jollylearning.co.uk) aims to teach children the basics of literacy through the use of synthetic phonics, which are allocated to one of seven groups. Children are taught in five stages that comprise learning the letter sound, learning letter formation, blending, identifying the sounds in words and learning irregularly spelt words. Use of Jolly Phonics with children lacking in basic reading ‘readiness’ has been found to increase reading age by up to 2 years and 7 months in comparison to a control group (Ekpo et al., 2007) and Stuart (1999) found that the Jolly Phonics system is successful with both English speaking children and children for whom English is a second language. Therefore, there is evidence to suggest that Jolly Phonics could be a worthwhile investment. Theories of Reading and Spelling Theories of reading are still under debate. However, the way in which children learn new words, and recognise words they have already read, can be separated into four main theories (Ehri, 2006): Phonological recoding is where children sound out and blend either syllables or graphemes, which are the smallest, meaningful units in a language. This approach requires the aforementioned phonemic awareness. Analogising (Goswami, 1986) involves the use of words a child is already familiar with to help them read new words. For example, a child who knows the word ‘fountain’ may use this to read the word ‘mountain.’ Prediction (Goodman, 1970; Tunmer and Chapman, 1998) is when the child uses context and letter clues to try and guess an unfamiliar word. Memory or sight means that the child recognises a word through the visual memory of seeing it before. Despite a wealth of evidence in favour of the phonemic recoding approach to reading and spelling, other theories exist and their supporters have argued that phonemic learning may not be the only basis on which children can build their literacy skills. For example, there is the theory of ‘Mental Orthographic Representation’ (MOR) (Apel and Masterson, 2001; Apel, 2009), which is the ability to store a mental representation of the written forms that spoken language take and recognise words by matching them to one’s stored representation (Mayall et al., 2001). This theory would come under the ‘memory and sight’ umbrella as opposed to the more audiological basis of phonological recoding. Recent evidence has suggested that MOR could develop independently of phonemic awareness, contrary to previous belief, and could also be used to predict literacy development (Apel, Wolter and Masterson, 2006; Treiman and Kessler, 2006, Nation, Angell and Castles, 2007). T herefore, too much focus on phonemic awareness through use of the Jolly Phonic system could be denying children of other vital skills they need to read and spell successfully. However, it is believed that dyslexic children have trouble recognising new words because of poor phonemic awareness (Snowling, 1981; Bruck, 1992) and it is stipulated that they are relying on the aforementioned memory and sight of words when trying to decode a novel word. Dyslexic children struggle because they have no visual memory of the word and cannot rely on phonemic awareness to try and decode it. Therefore, they are unable to read the new word. This suggests that development of phonemic awareness should perhaps dominate the way in which children are taught to read and spell successfully. Value for Money In conclusion, although there is strong evidence that the ‘Jolly Phonics’ system and an emphasis on developing phonemic awareness could greatly improve children’ literacy skills, it is based on a materials that could be accessed and utilised by teachers in a more cost-effective way. There are numerous free resources available on the internet, for example, the Mr Thorne Does Phonics (www.mrthorne.com) website contains a collection of child friendly videos broken down into ‘phases’ and designed to teach children phonemic awareness in a fun and engaging manner. Using such a structured programme could distract teachers from supplementing children’s reading with other sources such as story-books, which could help develop other aspects of reading such as semantics and use of imagination. For example, it has been claimed that a good grasp of phonemes can only account for up to 40% of a child’s reading ability (Manis, Doi and Bhadha, 2000; Cunningham, Perry and Stanovich, 2001) and Cunningham (1990) found that reading ability was significantly improved in a group of children who received phonemic awareness training that explicitly detailed the use, value and application of phonemic awareness in the act of reading as opposed to the procedural type of training provided by systems such as Jolly Phonics. Therefore, it is important that teachers don’t come to rely solely on the Jolly Phonics system, something that could be encouraged in light of its expense. Sources of Further Information http://www.jollylearning.co.uk – website for the Jolly Phonics program, which includes case studies. http://www.tes.co.uk – a plethora of free teaching resources that could be used as an inexpensive alternative to the Jolly Phonics system. http://www.mrthorne.com – a collection of child friendly videos designed to teach the phonics system. ‘Learning to Read Words: Theory, Findings, and Issues’ by Linnea C. Ehri – a comprehensive review on the different theories of reading, available at http://www.wce.wwu.edu/Depts/SPED/Forms/Kens%20Readings/reading/Readings/Ehri%20Word%20Learning.pdf. References Apel, K. and Masterson, J.J. (2001) Theory-guided spelling assessment and intervention: A case study. Language, Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 32, pp. 182-195. Apel, K., Wolter, J.A. and Masterson, J.J. (2006) Effects of phonotactic and orthotactic probabilities during fast-mapping on five year olds’ learning to spell. Developmental Neuropsychology, 29(1), pp. 21-42. Apel, K. (2009) The acquisition of mental orthographic representations for reading and spelling development. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 31(1), pp. 42-52. Bird, J., Bishop, D.V.M. and Freeman, N.H. (1995) Phonological awareness and literacy development in children with expressive phonological impairments. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38(2), pp. 446-462. Bruck, M. (1992) Persistance of dyslexic’s phonological awareness deficits. Developmental Psychology, 28(5), pp. 874-886. Cardoso-Martins, C., Mesquita, T.C.L. and Ehri, L. (2011) Letter names and phonological awareness help children to learn letter-sound relations. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 109(1), pp. 25-38. Cunningham, A.E. (1990) Explicit versus implicit instruction in phonemic awareness. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 50, pp. 429-444. Cunningham, A.E., Perry, K.E. and Stanovich, K.E. (2001) Converging evidence for the concept of orthographic processing. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 14(5-6), pp. 549-568. Ehri, L.C., Nunes, S.R., Willows, D.M., Schuster, B.V., Yaghoub-Zadeh, Z. and Shanahan, T. (2001) Phonemic awareness instruction helps children learn to read: Evidence from Reading Panel’s meta-analysis. Reading Research Quarterly, 36, 250-287. Ehri, L.C. and Snowling, M. J. (2004) Developmental variation in word recognition. In: C.A. Stone, E.R. Silliman, B.J. Ehren and K. Apel eds. Handbook of language and literacy. New York: Guilford, pp. 433-461. Ehri, L.C. (2006) Learning to read words: Theory, findings, and issues. Scientific Studies of Reading, 92(2), pp. 167-188. Ekpo, C.M., Udosen, A.E., Afangideh, M.E., Ekukinam, T.U. and Ikorok, M.M. (2007) Jolly phonics strategy and the ESL pupils’ reading development: a preliminary study. Paper presented at 1st Mid Term Conference held at the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State: Nigeria. Goodman, K. (1970) Behind the eye: What happens in reading. In: K. Goodman and O. Niles eds. Reading: Process and Program. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, pp. 3-38. Goswami, U. (1986) Children’s using of analogy in learning to read: A developmental study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 42, pp. 73-83. Goswami. U. and Bryant, P. (1990) Phonological skills and learning to read. Hove, UK: Lawrence Erlbaum. Jolly Learning Ltd. [no date]. Teaching Literacy with Jolly Phonics [online]. Available from http://jollylearning.co.uk [Accessed 23 February 2013]. Manis, F.R., Doi, L.M. and Bhadha, B. (2000) Naming speed, phonological awareness, and orthographic knowledge in second graders. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 33(4), pp. 325. Mayall, K., Humphreys, G.W., Mechelli, A., Olson, A. and Price, C.J. (2001) The effects of case mixing on word recognition: Evidence from a PET study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13(6), pp. 844-853. Mr Thorne Productions (2013) Mr Thorne Does Phonics [online]. Available at: http://www.mrthorne.com [Accessed 23 February 2013]. Nation, K., Angell, P. and Castles, A. (2007) Orthographic learning via self-teaching in children learning to read English: Effects of exposure, durability, and context. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 96, pp. 71-84. Torgesen, J.K., Wagner, R.K. and Rashotte, C.A. (1994) Longitudinal studies and phonological processing and reading. Journal of Learning Disabilities. Treiman, R. and Kessler, B. (2006) Spelling as statistical learning: Using consonantal context to spell vowels. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(3), pp. 141-170. Tumner, W. and Chapman, J. (1998) Language prediction skill, phonological recoding ability and beginning reading. In: C. Hulme and R. Joshi eds. Reading and Spelling: Development and Disorders. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., pp. 33-67. Snowling, M.J. (1981) Phonemic deficits in developmental dyslexia. Psychological Research, 43(2), pp. 219-234. Stuart, M. (1999) Getting ready for reading: Early phoneme awareness and phonics teaching improves reading and spelling in inner-city second language learners. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 69, pp. 587-605. How to cite Local Education Authority (LEA), Essay examples

Philosophy4 Essay Example For Students

Philosophy4 Essay There are three points that I will discuss in this paper. The first one refers to the mistakes that are often made when referring to faith, and trust. I will show the differences between the two statements and explain why there is a difference. The second point I will discuss is the hierophany that exists in some relationships. I will tell why hierophany is important but should not be the basis of a relationship. The third point I will discuss is man’s ultimate goal to move towards or away from unity. 1.Faith and trust are two words that are often confused or used in place of each other. The major difference between the two concepts is that trust exists in the physical and faith exists in the metaphysical. Trust is based mainly on a person’s ability to rationalize. Since trust is based on a person’s ability to rationalize it is limited by the physical realm. Rationalization is a limitation, and limitations only exist in the physical realm. Faith goes beyond rationalization, faith moves in to the realm of awareness, which exists in the metaphysical. 2.Man has a never-ending quest to reach wholeness or unity. To find unity one must recognize the being â€Å"†which will enable them to go on to find unity. Human beings are incomplete, therefore this concept of unity reflects the concept of light. Human beings by their very nature are built incomplete and are constantly in search for unity to help them become complete. The relationship of love can help man complete himself but without the recognition of the being â€Å"I† one can never be complete. The other concept that must be present while searching for unity is freedom. This is true because without freedom the being â€Å"I† can never be found and without the being â€Å"I† being recognized unity is impossible. The concept of freedom allows change. Change is necessary when searching for the being â€Å"I†. In a concept called cyclic time there is no freedom. Cyclic time is the concept of reincarnation, and because there is no freedom in reincar nation there is no freedom in cyclic time. The concept of linear time, on the other hand, allows for freedom to be present. Linear is movement, movement is change, and change implies freedom. Freedom allows for man to find the being â€Å"I† and his search for unity. If a man has the ability to search for oneness than he is consequently choosing what happens in his life, therefore he is controlling his destiny. 3.The concept of hierophany is the unique way in which man expresses his relationship to someone or something. This is a very important part of a relationship though, because without it the relationship may seem weak and unconvincing. In Greek, the word hierophany means â€Å"higher manifestation†. Throughout the course of history man has placed a very high value on inanimate items such as a baseball card, a signed baseball, a toy or a diary, which to another person the item may seem worthless. The reason the item would seem worthless is because of the sentiment al value that this item holds. The person can never fully understand what this item may mean to someone because they did not take part in the movement that made this item important to the owner. They may try to understand it but they will never take part in the full worth of the object. Hierophany, although important, should not be the basis of any relationship because of the emotions that are attached to the concept of hierophany. This is true because emotions are always changing and may become instable over time, therefore causing the relationship to become just as instable. Hierophany should only be used to strengthen the existence of a relationship that already exists. .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 , .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .postImageUrl , .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 , .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940:hover , .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940:visited , .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940:active { border:0!important; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940:active , .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940 .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2e47fe13981c51faa48773f2a42f9940:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock - Characteristic Downfall EssayBibliography: